Kuwedzera Kwechirwere Chekurwara Kubva Zvitsva Zvitsva uye Zvave Kuitwa Nezvo
Kudzoka munaMarch 2013, mushumo unoshamisa kubva kuUnited Centers for Disease Control (inowanzozivikanwa seCDC) yakaratidza kuti inenge hafu, 46% inonyatsojeka, yezvirwere zvose zvekudya izvo zvakatungamirira kuchipatara kana kufa pakati pe1998 kusvika ku8 zvaive zvakakonzerwa kune zvibereko zvitsva. Iyi nhamba yave ichiita kuti vanhu vave nepamusoro peketani yezvibereko zvakanyatsotarisa.
Izvo zvakataurwa nemuongorori wevashandi veAmerica ndezvekuti kana michero nemiriwo itsva zvitsva zvekona zvekudya kwakanaka, kana zvisina kukodzera, zvinogona kuuraya.
Sangano reProduce Industry Report
Zvinofadza, mutauriri weCDC hauna kupinda panzeve matsi. Apo mushumo wacho wakabudiswa, maitiro ekutanga kubva kumasangano emakambani akaita seProduce Marketing Association (PMA) akanga ari kudana kuita basa. Maererano naBryan Silbermann, mutungamiri weMDC uye CEO, vakapiwa kunyanya kushandiswa kwemabhizimisi ekuchengetedza kwekudya, mushumo wakatarwa se "mukana wokutsvaga kutsvaga kutsvakurudza uye kudzidza kudzikisa mishonga yedu uye zvigadzirwa PMA zvichinyanya kubudirira." Mhedziso yokuti mushumo unoshamisa uye unopesana wehupfumi wevanhu huchasangana nekudanwa kwekutungamirira tsvakurudzo inowedzera kunonyaradza, asi kana chete kuitika kunoitwa. Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti zvinoita sekuti mamiriro ezvinhu ari nani.
Zvinotsvakurudzwa neUtsvakurudzo Zvokudya Zvirwere uye Zvokudya Zvitsva
Maererano nedzidzo dzakawanda, CDC yakaona kuti pakati pe1991-2011, chirwere cheE E. coli chaiva pasi pe 42% uye zvirwere zveListeria-zvakange zvakadarika 35 muzana. Izvozvo zvakati, kubuda kweSalmonella zvirokwazvo kwakakonzerwa neatatu kubva muzana panguva iyocheteyo.
ICDC ine mamwe mitsara inoratidzawo kuti chirwere chinobva kune dzakawanda zvekudya zvekudya zvakaderera zvikuru kupfuura nguva. Asi sezvo Silbermann akataura zvakajeka zvakare muna 2013, "pasinei nekubudirira kwakaitika kare mukuderedza kurwara kwezvokudya, hatigone kurasikirwa nemufananidzo wose: kuti chirwere chimwe kubva pamichero mitsva ndechimwe chete."
Kunyange zvazvo nyaya yeCDC ya2013 pamusoro pehuwandu hwehutano hwekudya hwakarapwa huchipatara hunoita kuti zvibereko zvitsva zvisati zvisiri, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakatungamirira CDC neGerald Drug Administration (FDA) kuti vasatumise pfuti pavanongoridza minwe chete pa mhizha yezvigadzirwa. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba yehutano hwezvokudya zvinokonzerwa nezvokudya zvinokonzerwa nemichero mitsva pamusoro pemakore akawanda apfuura yakawedzera, saka masangano akazvitsaurirwa kuti awedzere kutarisa uye kushandiswa kwemichero itsva. Kunyanya kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakadaro zvaizova zvisina hanya. Panguva imwe chete, ndizvo zvaizoitawo kubvisa ruzivo rwegore ra2013 sezvinongova kuwedzera kwepanyama. Pasinei nemashoko awanikwa, CDC haina kureva kuti vanhu veAmerica vanononoka nemichero itsva. Chaizvoizvo, zvakasiyana zvinoramba zviri zvechokwadi. Mushumo unodzokorora kukosha kwezvibereko nemiriwo mukudya kwakanaka.
Kunyange zvazvo vachiri vasina kukwana, zvinonyaradza kuona kuti michina yemichero inochengetedza kuzvipira kwayo kune hutano nekuchengeteka. I-PMA, somuenzaniso, inotora mamiriyoni emadhora ekutsvakurudza kwekuchengetedza kwekudya uye yakabatsira pakugadzira Centre reProvement Safety (CPS) kuYunivhesiti yeCalifornia Davis-Riverside senzvimbo yekuchenesa uye mari yekuchengetedza zvidzidzo zvekuchengetedza. Asi pane basa richiri kuitwa.
Izvo zvinoshandiswa neChinhu chirikuita
Sezvo mutungamiri weMDC, Silbermann akadzokorora izvo zvakanyanya kuzivikanwa, iyo ndeyokuti mazano akakomberedza kusanganiswa kwemichero nemiriwo muzvokudya zvine utano hazvina kuchinja.
"Zvave zvashandurwa," akadaro, "ndezvokudya zvezvokudya zvekuchengetedza, izvo zvinochinja nekushambadzira kwesayenzi uye kubudirira kwezvigadzirwa." Nenzira, vazhinji vanoita.
Tora, semuenzaniso, wekuzvipira Produce Traceability Initiative yakatsigirwa neCanada Produce Marketing Association, GS1 US, United Fresh Produce Association, uye PMA. Icho chiitiko chakaisa matanho manomwe ekuita kuti makambani ave akazonyatsocherechedza - muzviitiko zvakawanda kusvika pasi pakuona mutsetse mumunda umo matamato akasarudzwa kana kuti muti upi wakanaka wemaruva wakabva. Munzira dzakawanda, maPTI ekuteerera kwekuzvidira akakwirira kudarika avo vakagadzwa nehurumende, kunyange nekutangwa kweKudya Modernization uye Safety Act kutanga kwegore ra2013. Mukuwedzera kune mhando idzi dzekufamba kukuru nemabhizimisi uye masangano ehurumende, zvose zviri zviviri hurumende uye vatungamiri vemabhizimisi vachiri kuona kukosha kwekutsvakurudza kwakawedzerwa uye matsva matsva kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwezvinhu zvitsva, zvinogona kutungamirirwa (kunyanya muchikamu) nevatengi.
Vashandi Vanogona Sei Kuve Vanotya Zvokudya Zvokuchengetedza Zvokudya
Zvinonyanya kukurudzira kubvira pakabudiswa mushumo weCDC wa2013 ndeyekuti vatengesi vari kuisa mitemo yakakwirira kune varimi, vatengesi, nekugovera nzvimbo dzezvibereko zvitsva. Vanowedzera, vatengesi vari kuda kutumira PTI-inogamuchirika kutumira uye kuramba kuramba kuita bhizinesi nemakambani asingateereri.
"Washington ine bhobho re rubber; vatengi vane bhuni remapuranga, "anodaro muchengeti wezvokudya weGary Fleming weRedline Solutions muSanta Clara, CA, uyo akanyora zvakawanda zveTPI mutauro.
Imhizha yekutengesa inoziva izvi zvakare. "Tinoisa mari yedu apo muromo wedu uri maererano nekutsvakurudza kweCPS nekushandiswa kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvirongwa," Silbermann anoti, "uye tinoziva, zuva rimwe nerimwe, kuti basa iri harizomboperi. Kuti vatengi vabatsirwe, sezvo CDC inoti, kubva kune zvikafu zvakazara nezvibereko nemiriwo, tinofanira kuchengeta kuvimba kwavo nekuchengetedza michero iyoyo nemiriwo. "Pakupera kwezuva, vatengi vanofanira kuramba vachitsvaka tsvakurudzo uye kuchengeteka maitiro anoramba utano hwakanaka hwakachengeteka kuitira kuti mutemo nekuchengeteka maitiro zvicharamba zvichichinja kuti zvive nani.
Sources:
Painter, John A., Robert M. Hoekstra, Tracy Ayers, Robert V. Tauxe, Christopher R. Braden, Frederick J. Angulo, naPatricia M. Griffin. "Kupiwa kwezvokudya zvinokonzerwa nezvokudya, Hospitalizations, uye Kufa kune Zvokudya Zvokushandisa kuburikidza neDiscover Data, United States, 1998-2008." Emerg. Infect. Dis. Emerging Infectious Diseases 19.3 (2013): 407-15.
Tauxe, Robert. "Kutya Zvitsva: Tingadzivisa Sei Zvokudya Zvokudya Kubva Muzvibereko Nemiriwo." Nutrition Action Newsletter (December 2006): 3-6.