FDA inonyevera zvimwe pamusoro pezvimwe zvekudya zvegungwa
Mukururama kwose, marudzi akawanda ezvokudya zvegungwa semarara, shrimp, uye kodhi dzine zvinyorwa zvishoma zve mercury. Uyezve, kuvhunduka pamusoro pemagetsi anokonzerwa nemafuta anowanika mune zvegungwa hakuna chinhu chitsva, uye, kazhinji, hove inonyanya kudya. Zvisinei, iyo FDA inenge iri mukuvandudza mazano ayo pamusoro pekushandiswa kwezvokudya zvegungwa nemadzimai ane pamuviri, vanaamai vanoyamwisa, vakadzi vanotarisira pamuviri uye vana vaduku.
Kunyanya, mararamiro uye vamwe vakawanda vane hanya nezvekukuvadza kwakakomba kwehutano iyo mercury inogona kukanganisa pahupenyu hwedu-kunyanya zvinokonzerwa ne fetus uye vana vaduku zvikuru vari kuwedzera nekukura.
Mafuta Anokonzerwa Sei Nezvokudya Zvehove?
Nyeredzi inopinda nenzira yegungwa, hove, uye shellfish, kuburikidza nenzira dzese.
Kutanga, simbi inonzi vaporized metallic mercury (Hg 0 ) inogadzirwa nezvose zvakasikwa (fungidzira masango anopisa kana kupisa kwemhepo) uye kusvibiswa (kupisa kwemafuti) kunokwira mumhepo. Pane imwe nguva mumhepo, iyi mercury inogadziriswa kuti igadzire divalent inorganic mercury (Hg 2+ ) iyo inowira pasi pano pasi semvura. Bhakitiriya remvura yakadai seplankton methylates iyi mercury (iyo inogadzira MeHg + kana methylmercury), uye izvi zvinoshandisa methylmercury deposits mu lipids kana mafuta emhuka, zvichiita nzira yayo yose kusvika kumusoro kwezvokudya.
Nehove yemhuka yakagara kwenguva yakareba pamusoro pezvokudya zvakadai se shark, swordfish, uye king mackerel zvinopedzisira zvichinyanya kuwandisa zviyero zvakakura zve mercury, zvichiita kuti zvishandiswe nevakadzi vane pamuviri uye vana vaduku vane nheyo dzinotyisa kunyanya maererano.
Nei Nei Methylmercury Inokuvadza?
Ionized mercury uye methylmercury bond ne sulfuri inowanika mumapurotini saka inoparadza biology yemitumbi yedu nenzira dzakawanda uye dzisina kunaka. Kunyanya kunyanya, mercury inouyisa hutano hwehutachiona pamasero (funga kugadziriswa kwemahara radicals), zvinoshungurudza nema microtubules (fungidzira kusvibiswa kushandiswa kwesero) uye zvingatotanga kukonzera autoimmunity ine ngozi.
Zvechokwadi, hatinzwisisi kuti sei mercury inotitambudza isu, asi izvo zvatinoziva nezve mercury poisoning zvinotyisa.
Heano dzimwe nzira dzakaipa umo methylmercury inogona kuparadza nemitumbi yedu:
- bofu
- cerebral palsy
- matambudziko okukura
- kuremara kwepfungwa
- kuneta
- kurasikirwa kunzwa
- ataxia (kurasikirwa kwekuzvidira kuwirirana kwemisimba kufamba)
- muscle kudengenyeka
- kufamba
- Kuora mitezo (ine uchetura hwakaipa)
- rufu (nehutu hwakaipa)
- chirwere chemwoyo (kumwe kutsvakurudza kutsva kunoratidza kuti methylmercury inogona kuita kuti atherosclerosis iite)
Nhoroondo, mamwe emigumisiro yakashata yeuropiyo yakadai sekuora kweperesi uye matambudziko okukura anoshanda kumabereki uye vana vaduku. Nokudaro, FDA nemasangano ezvoutano zvakasiyana-siyana vakapa nyevero yakananga kune vanhu ava.
Kunyange zvazvo mercury yakasununguka nechiropa uye neitsvo, inenge iine hafu yehupenyu yakareba mumuviri. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvinotora nguva yakareba kwatiri kuti tibvise mhepo inopisa. Uyezve, methylmercury inenge yakanyatsopindira kubva pamakumbo emimba uye yakanaka chaizvo pakuyambuka chirwere cheuropi, zvichiita kuti uropi nemutsipa wechipfuva zvive nehanya zvikuru nemigumisiro yayo.
Kusvibisa ne methylmercury inonyangadza, uye kusiyana nemamwe maitiro akaoma e mercury poisoning, chelation uye emesis (kurutsira) zvinokundikana kubvisa muviri wako wesimbi yakaremara.
Kutaura zvazviri, kudzivirira ndiyo chete yekudzivirira yatinayo pamusoro pemethylmercury. Mune mamwe mazwi, nzira yakanakisisa yokubata nayo methylmercury chepfuing ndeyekudzivirira kuiswa kwayo munzvimbo yekutanga.
Chii chinonzi Methylmercury muGungwa Zvokudya?
Sezvakataurwa naRDA nevamwe vazhinji, tinofanira kuyeuka kuti hove yemvura inonyanya kukosha kweprotein, mineral, uye mavitamini. Uyezve, hove yegungwa yakaderera mumafuta akazara uye yakanyanya mu omega-3 fatty acids. Isu tose, kunyange mukadzi ane pamuviri nevana vaduku, vanofanira kusanganisira hutano hwakanaka, hwakakurudzirwa uye hune utano hwezvokudya zvegungwa mune zvokudya zvedu.
Nekudaro, nemazano aro achangobva kunyorwa, FDA inokurudzira vakadzi vakazvitakura, vanaamai vanoyamwisa uye vanaamai vachifungira pamuviri kudya 8 kusvika ku12 oga yezvokudya zvegungwa kwevhiki, uye vana vane makore 2 kusvika ku8 vanofanira kudya 3 kusvika ku6 ounces.
Mune mamwe mazwi, vanhu vakadaro vanofanira kudya kudya kwema2 kusvika ku3 kwezvokudya zvegungwa kwevhiki.
Zvisinei, FDA inopa mazano kuvakadzi vane pamuviri, vanaamai vanoyamwisa, vakadzi vanotarisira pamuviri uye vana vaduku kuti vadye hove dzinowanzoperera mumatunhu e-methylmercury se tilapia, catfish, uye cod. Uyezve, feds inokurudzira pamusoro pekushandiswa kwe shark, swordfish, mambo mackerel uye tilefish yakabatwa muGulf Coast. Uyezve, vanhu vanodya hove kubva mudzimba dzemvura yakachena vanofanira kuteerera mazano emunharaunda nezvemazinga e mercury uye vanyatsoona nezvehove dzinogadzirwa kubva munzvimbo dzisina mazano.
Nyaya yekuti, kunyange zvazvo FDA inoratidzira chiedza chekotini yakashambadzika sechepasi mu mercury, iyi yeruzhinji inopikiswa nenyanzvi dzakawanda dzinonyevera zvakanakisisa kune vamwe vanaamai nevana vaduku kuti vasiye kure ne tuna.
Ndapota ramba uchifunga kuti pasinei nezvandave ndakagoverana newe kusvikira zvino, mazano eDFA anongova mazano . Izvo zvisingashamisi kuti kuderedzwa kushoma kune zvinetso zvekudya zvegungwa zvinoguma ne methylmercury chepfuing. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe uri nepamuviri kana mukoti uye iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge wadya swordfish steak panguva yaBrandine's brunch nemumwe wako, hapana chikonzero chekubuda kunze. Ingoedza kumira kure nehove dzakadaro nguva zhinji uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwehove kwevhiki rose-iyo pfungwa iyo FDA inoita, zvakare.
Pasinei nekunetseka pamusoro pemethylmercury muzvokudya zvegungwa, vazhinji veAmerica vane hutsika hwakanyanya hwe mercury mumitumbi yavo-kunyange pakati pevaya vanodya hove yemvura yakachena, hove dzakawanda kudarika mavhareji, kana maviri. Semuenzaniso, kumwe kuchangobva kuongororwa kwakavhara nhamba yevanhu vakuru vane EPA yakazara-mercury concentrations inonzi inogona kukuvadza (yakakura kana yakaenzana ne58 micrograms nereta) pa4,6 muzana. Uyezve, imwe sarudzo huru yakarongedza kuti inongova 0.5 muzana yevaduku vane makore 1 kusvika ku19 vakanyoreswa maererano neropa re mercury.
Sarudzo Sources
Byrns MC, Penning TM. Chitsauko 67. Maitiro Ezvokuchengetedzwa Kwemhepo: Carcinogens uye Zvimvura Zvikuru. Muna: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC. eds. Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011.
"Chidzidzo Chenguva Yakatarwa yeMemoric Exposure Associated With Conservation of Fish Freshwater From Reservoir in Rural South Central USA" neZ Dong uye vanyori vanyori vakaparidzirwa mune Environmental Environmental muna 2015.
"Kudya Hove kana Kusadya Ihove" neR Nelson kubva kuAJN yakabudiswa muna 2015.
"Chinopfuura Chikamu Chechidiki cheUnited States Chakadya Zvokudya zvegungwa uye vazhinji vane ropa reMercury Concentrations Pasi peEPA Reference Level, 2009-2012" naSJ Nielsen nevanyori vanyori vakabudiswa mu Journal of Nutrition Nutritional Epidemiology .